After this, Kopp's began offering increasingly diverse concoctions which became their well known "flavor of the day" menu option. Initially she mixed chocolate and vanilla, a controversial act in the early frozen custard community. By 1960 the Kopp's stand was successful enough that Elsa felt comfortable experimenting with more exotic frozen custard recipes. The Kopp's frozen custard stand rose in popularity quickly during the 1950s and was soon seen as a Milwaukee staple. Some support in starting the business came from Leon Schneider, a custard machine repairman (the founder of Leon's Frozen Custard in 1942), whom Elsa Kopp had met while working at a bakery. A German immigrant with no prior business experience, Kopp started the stand after her husband, Karl Kopp, developed Parkinson's disease. Appleton Ave., Milwaukee, Wisconsin (now the site of JJ Fish & Chicken) in 1950. History Founding Įlsa Kopp opened the first Kopp's stand at 6005 W. Kopp's was the first custard stand to offer a special "flavor of the day" in addition to the more traditional chocolate and vanilla flavors. They have locations in three Milwaukee suburbs- Greenfield, Brookfield, and Glendale. Founded by Elsa Kopp in 1950, the restaurants continue to be heralded by local publications for their quality food. It specializes in frozen custard and large "jumbo" hamburgers. Kopp's Frozen Custard is a restaurant chain located in the Milwaukee, Wisconsin area. Karl Kopp (son), owner of Greenfield and Glendale storesįast casual restaurants specializing in frozen custard, jumbo burgers
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If you’re traveling overseas, consider emailing a copy of your itinerary to your local contact as well. But technology can fail, and devices can be lost or stolen, so it’s wise to print a hardcopy of your itinerary to bring in your carry-on luggage.
I am trying my best keeping up code annotation… Since 2019, a lot of new functionality has been added, as well. It even has its own ‘drag-and-drop’ plugin system. The Custom Macros plugin is probably one of the most extensive uses of the ImageJ macro language and library in a unified project with thousands of lines of codes. There is a ‘recent changes’ dialog popup upon login detailing newest version details. Installation preserves older versions in a backup folder allowing for rollback if issue are encountered. Ultimately, I find these more convenient to use so I just upload current releases on the site - this of course may change with additional developers. There is also a ‘development’ module that allows for quick IDE testing of macro code in clipboard text (with access to the plugin’s built in function library). The thing is, Custom Macros includes its own simple decentralized versioning system that automatically timestamps and saves changes (convenient for backup and diff), and is suited for use over cloud storage. I’ve held back on posting because I anticipated setting up a git or other distributed version control site,thought doing so may be a good/necessary step prior to introducing our plugin. You can find the install files for Custom Macros, along with documentation and tutorial videos below: Macros, either in sets or in different files, utilize calls to a dedicated function library file. There is a login system (for generating dedicated user folder/directory hierarchies and config files), an automated unit-calibration system, numerous handy keyboard and interface button shortcuts, and a detailed built-in help system. A major goal is enabling automated record keeping of all image and numerical data generated during each analysis run for later review - ultimately to facilitate reproducible science. In short, Custom Macros is a large collection of ‘interconnected’ ImageJ/Fiji macros/functions for facilitating straightforward and systematic image analysis workflows, especially in medium-to-large scale projects, including area measurement experiments, object counts, pre-processing, batch tasks, masking, etc. I have been meaning to introduce our plugin here on image.sc ever since. Hello everyone! In 2019, our lab released a plugin suite called “ Custom Macros - Lab Image Analysis/Processing Plugin for ImageJ.” This was accompanied by a publication in the Journal of Neuroscience Methods describing the software. In genetic terms, calico cats resemble tortoiseshells in most ways, except the tortoiseshell has a black undercoat and the calico has a white undercoat. Main articles: Tortoiseshell cat and X-inactivation Calico cat sisters A long-haired adult calico cat These colorful, small-patterned printed fabrics gave rise to the use of the word calico to describe a cat coat of tri-color "calico" as an adjective being synonymous to "mottled" or "resembling printed calico". While Europe maintained the word calico for the fabric, in the US it was used to refer to the printed design or pattern. Printed calico was imported into the United States from Lancashire, England, in the 1780s, and a linguistic separation occurred there. The fabric called " calico" was originally from the city of Calicut in southwestern India. Calico cats were chosen as the state cat because their white, black, and orange coloring is in harmony with the coloring of the Baltimore oriole (the state bird) and the Baltimore checkerspot butterfly (the state insect). The calico has been Maryland's state cat since 1 October 2001. The proportion of cats having the orange mutant gene found in calicoes was traced to the port cities along the Mediterranean in Greece, France, Spain, and Italy, originating from Egypt. However, the existence of patches in calico cats was traced to a certain degree by Neil Todd in a study determining the migration of domesticated cats along trade routes in Europe and Northern Africa. The tri-color coat characteristic of calico cats does not define any breed, but occurs incidentally in cats who express a range of color patterns accordingly, the effect has no definitive historical background. Dilutes are distinguished by having grey (known as blue), cream, and gold colors instead of the typical colors along with the white. Some calico cats, called "dilute calicoes", may be lighter in color overall. Male calicoes can happen when a male cat has two X chromosomes ( Klinefelter syndrome, with XXY sex chromosomes and generally they are sterile) the condition is a chimera, with two different cell types or, rarely, when some skin cells of the developing kitten spontaneously mutate. In most cases, males are only one color (for instance, black) as they have only one X chromosome. Formal standards set by professional and show animal breeders limit the breeds among which they permit registration of cats with calico coloration those breeds are the Manx cat, American Shorthair, Maine Coon, British Shorthair, Persian cat, Arabian Mau, Japanese Bobtail, Exotic Shorthair, Siberian, Turkish Van, Turkish Angora, and the Norwegian Forest cat.īecause the genetic determination of coat colors in calico cats is linked to the X chromosome, calicoes are nearly always female, with one color linked to the maternal X chromosome and a second color linked to the paternal X chromosome. This calico-patched tabby may be referred to as caliby or torbico.ĭerived from a colorful printed Calico fabric, when the term "calico" is applied to cats, it refers only to a color pattern of the fur, not to a cat breed or any reference to any other traits, such as their eyes. Occasionally, the tri-color calico coloration is combined with a tabby patterning, called tortoiseshell tabby with white. Calicoes with diluted coloration (blue tortoiseshell and white) have been called calimanco or clouded tiger. However, outside North America, the calico pattern is more commonly called tortoiseshell and white. Calicoes are almost exclusively female except under rare genetic conditions.Ī calico cat is not to be confused with a tortoiseshell, who has a black undercoat and a mostly mottled coat of black/red or blue/cream with relatively few to no white markings. The calico cat is most commonly thought of as being 25% to 75% white with large orange and black patches however, they may have other colors in their patterns. A calico cat Calico cat with diluted coloration Calico cat with tabby markingsĪ calico cat ( US English) is a domestic cat of any breed with a tri-color coat. Phase diagram for water shows what phase water has at different temperatures and pressures. Check out the real-life phase diagram of water from Wikipedia as an example, pictured below. Our phase diagrams, which show a material’s state at different temperatures and pressures, are based on data taken in labs as well as geological and astrophysical models of planets. A material’s phase will be simulated based on its temperature and pressure using something called a phase diagram. In our new system, all new materials can exist inside of, on the surface of, or in the atmosphere of a planet. The Liquid Depth Data View shows the depth and location of the methane lakes. Using New Materials for Simulation Titan with realistic lakes of liquid methane in turquoise at its poles. Want to know the freezing point of carbon dioxide or see how fast it’s evaporating on your custom planet? We’ll simulate it in real time. Many, like oxygen and carbon dioxide, will also be necessary for life simulation.Įach material has all the properties described above, and they will update in real-time according to the conditions on the planet (though iron and silicate will only exist inside planets and won’t have customizable colors). These are the materials necessary to simulate the most interesting internal, liquid, and atmospheric properties of most objects in our Solar System. Our new composition system has 12 materials: iron, silicate, water, hydrogen, helium, carbon dioxide, oxygen, sulfur dioxide, methane, nitrogen, argon, and ammonia. Liquid and solid density, heat of fusion, and heat of vaporization – to determine how fast water flows, evaporates, and freezes on planet surfaces. Mass of the material in each phase (solid, liquid, or gas).Melting point – temperature where a material changes from a solid to a liquid.Boiling point – temperature where a material changes from a liquid to a gas.Water, the only material currently simulated across an object’s surface, has some additional properties Used to create clouds of evaporating gas called volatiles. Molecular weight – average mass of a molecule of the material.Used to determine the Surface Heat Capacity of a planet. Thermal capacity – energy required to increase the material’s temperature by one degree.Density – to compute an object’s mass and radius and determine where materials are within a planet (for example, iron is the densest so it’s at the core).Universe Sandbox’s current composition system uses four materials (iron, silicate, water, and hydrogen) each with a set of physical properties including This feature and interface are a work in progress. Material Properties in Universe Sandbox The Composition tab shows material properties, including total mass, the percentage and mass in each phase (solid, liquid, and gas), and more. Learn how to opt-in to a preview version on Steam: Try the Terraforming | Update 34 preview right now!Įight new materials and our new composition system are now available for testing and feedback. Our new system will allow you to realistically simulate planet surfaces and atmospheres, accurately terraform planets, and more. However, our current composition system is too simple to simulate phenomena like lakes of liquid methane on Saturn’s moon Titan. Every planet in Universe Sandbox is simulated with a combination of materials, like iron and water, that are used to compute properties like planet radius and water flow. Our new composition system, including eight new materials, like oxygen and methane, is still in active development and has not been released, but you can opt-in to a preview version now on Steam. These materials are transferred to the Moon’s surface, forming lakes that flow together and eventually evaporate to create an atmosphere. The Moon is bombarded with asteroids made of carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, methane, and water. and optionally, I can add the silkscreen at that level, or the next level. In other words, I have a part level sheetmetal component and the next level assembly often has press-fit fasteners added. However, I do prefer to do this as a separate component. I do extrude the text from sections (sketches) by, say. I have to do this quite often for my sheetmetal efforts. Please be sure to include what version of the PTC product you are using so another community member knowledgeable about your version may be able to assist. You may also use "Start a topic" button to ask a new question. If you would like to provide a reply and re-open this thread, please notify the moderator and reference the thread. This thread is inactive and closed by the PTC Community Management Team. Like "Input 1", "Input 2", etc, or do I have to manually do each one? <= I think I can forget about something like that for the moment! Is there a "proper" way of doing it? In fact, scratch that, I just realised you cannot extrude text from a simple flat surface.Īlso, is there a way of inserting a variable in text that I can then pattern and have the variable increment in the pattern. The only way I can think of doing is is having a seperate sketch with the text and line art, and then extrude it by an infinately small amount. Is there a way I can add text and line art within Creo that will be rendered? I have produced some sheet metal enclosures which will have silk screen printing added to identify connectors. We automatically remove listings that have expired invites. Only server owners can update the invites on Discadia. Note: The invite for a server may be expired or invalid and we cannot provide new invites. Discadia provides “Join” buttons, click that button to join a server. How do I join a Discord server?ĭiscord Invite URLs are used to join Discord servers. A Discord Server List such as Discadia is a place where you can advertise your server and browse servers promoted by relevance, quality, member count, and more. 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Without a doubt, the first addition to this list has to be the Treehouse. Dark Oak and Oak Log, Stairs, Slabs, and Trapdoors.If you want to give this mansion a try, the above video is a tutorial that shows you how to build it step by step. If it were built in the middle of a flat field, it definitely would not look as good! This one is really not too difficult to build in survival and uses simple materials like oak.Īn elevated house like this will look way better next to a hill or a forest as you can see in the video. Large Oak Starter MansionĪ beautiful oak starter mansion in the forest with multiple levels for farming on the sides. If you search “pagoda” on google images, you will find tons of examples which you can use as a reference when building your pagoda styled house. Also consider adding a bit more color variety into the building, like shades of red or yellow, to make the building stand out a bit more. While this pagoda has many floors, you can also start with an easier one that is just a couple stories tall. You might find it helpful to install an Asian decorations mod to help you build with this style. Asian Pagoda Minecraft HouseĪn Asian themed Minecraft home can be challenging to build because of the angles and curves involved. If you are playing with “fire spread” turned on, be careful not to accidentally burn down your entire mansion! 9. If you are wanting an easier option, you can also try finding a naturally generated Woodland Mansion and then renovate it to your liking and live in it. I personally would suggest using a different light source like glowstone or redstone lamps if you have these materials as too many torches can look ugly and make the building look like it’s under construction still. In the photo, the builder used a lot of torches on the building. I would recommend getting an enchanted axe to increase the speed you can cut the wood at. This kind of mansion is relatively easy to build since wood is so common in the game, but you will probably have to build a tree farm to get all the necessary wood for it. A forest mansion would usually be built somewhere in the middle of a forest and made primarily out of wood and a bit of stone. Modelling your house after a naturally generated mansion in the game can make building easier. This kind of Minecraft house is similar to a Woodland Mansion. They aren’t exactly beautiful, but they get the job done and protect you from monsters. These types of houses are perfect for your “first days” when playing survival Minecraft. You can improve the appearance by using smooth stone (by cooking cobblestone in a furnace) or stone bricks (by crafting 4 smooth stones in a square). Note the easy-to-get materials for building a medieval house: cobblestone, wooden logs, wooden doors, and trapdoors. The homes in villages can be a good starting point or example for how to build a simple Minecraft house. This is a house from a naturally generated village as found in the 1.14 Village & Pillage Update. If you want to give this one a try, the above video is a tutorial that shows you how to build it step by step. This video obviously uses a custom texture pack, which makes the build look much better than it would in regular “vanilla” Minecraft. The blocks used to build this mansion are not too complex and include glass, wood, stone, leaves, water, etc. Note that the front entrance is actually on the sides rather than right in the front which adds to the uniqueness of this build. It features a pool in the front as well as an overhead balcony from the second floor. This modern Minecraft mansion is beautiful, simple, and also relatively easy to build. READ MORE: The 15 Best Minecraft Modpacks To Play In 2023 6. The glass allows a large amount of natural light to enter the building. This example also has a balcony with some crops growing on it as well as a basement under the balcony and first floor. Another option for building a cool Minecraft house is to elevate the first floor with a staircase. Google kept the development project name as the final release name, as a "cheeky" or ironic moniker, as one of the main aims was to minimize the user interface chrome. The product was named "Chrome" as an initial development project code name, because it is associated with fast cars and speed. Google subsequently made the comic available on Google Books, and mentioned it on their official blog along with an explanation for the early release. Copies intended for Europe were shipped early and German blogger Philipp Lenssen of Google Blogoscoped made a scanned copy of the 38-page comic available on his website after receiving it on September 1, 2008. The release announcement was originally scheduled for September 3, 2008, and a comic by Scott McCloud was to be sent to journalists and bloggers explaining the features within the new browser. Chrome was "largely developed" in Google's Kitchener office. Development of the browser began in 2006, spearheaded by Sundar Pichai. Ĭhrome is based on the open-source code of the Chromium project. It also came shortly after the release of Mozilla Firefox 1.0, which was surging in popularity and taking market share from Internet Explorer, which had noted security problems. newspapers stated at the time that Google was hiring former Microsoft web developers among others. In September 2004, rumors of Google building a web browser first appeared. After co-founders Sergey Brin and Larry Page hired several Mozilla Firefox developers and built a demonstration of Chrome, Schmidt said that "It was so good that it essentially forced me to change my mind." He stated that "at the time, Google was a small company", and he did not want to go through "bruising browser wars". Google CEO Eric Schmidt opposed the development of an independent web browser for six years. īecause of the success of Chrome, Google has expanded the "Chrome" brand name to other products: ChromeOS, Chromecast, Chromebook, Chromebit, Chromebox, and Chromebase. With a market share of 65% across all platforms combined, Chrome is the most used web browser in the world today. Īs of October 2022, StatCounter estimates that Chrome has a 67% worldwide browser market share (after peaking at 72.38% in November 2018) on personal computers (PC), is most used on tablets (having surpassed Safari), and is also dominant on smartphones. WebKit was the original rendering engine, but Google eventually forked it to create the Blink engine all Chrome variants except iOS used Blink as of 2017. Most of Chrome's source code comes from Google's free and open-source software project Chromium, but Chrome is licensed as proprietary freeware. The browser is also the main component of ChromeOS, where it serves as the platform for web applications. Versions were later released for Linux, macOS, iOS, and also for Android, where it is the default browser. It was first released in 2008 for Microsoft Windows, built with free software components from Apple WebKit and Mozilla Firefox. Google Chrome is a web browser developed by Google. Proprietary freeware, based on open source components Here the horizontal tail is placed near the midpoint of the vertical tail. Somewhere between the two configurations discussed above is the cruciform tail arrangement. However, mounting the horizontal stabilizer on top of the vertical tail necessitates that the tail structure be much stronger (heavier) to accommodate the load introduction of the horizontal tail directly into the vertical tail. This makes the vertical tail more aerodynamically efficient which means it can be reduced in size. One advantage of the T-tail arrangement is that the horizontal tail acts as an end-plate for the vertical tail. This is to keep the hot engine exhaust away from the tail surfaces. T-tails are also often used when engines are mounted to the rear of the fuselage as often seen on business jets. A high wing and conventional tail arrangement is especially susceptible to this phenomenon. Often the primary reason to make use of this arrangement is to prevent the horizontal tail from being blanketed by the wake generated by the wing at high angles of attack. This is a structurally efficient arrangement as the horizontal stabilizer is fixed directly to the fuselage and therefore can introduce and distribute the resulting load directly into the fuselage structure.Īircraft that have a high wing (such as the A400M pictured above) often make use of a T-tail arrangement where the horizontal stabilizer is attached to the top of the vertical stabilizer. This arrangement works well when the aircraft engines are placed under the wing (as shown on the B737-800) where the hot engine exhaust may be kept well away from the horizontal stabilizer. In this configuration, the vertical tail sits at the rear of the fuselage with the horizontal stabilizer attached to the fuselage below the vertical tail. A number of the most common aircraft tail configurationsĪs the name suggests, the conventional tail arrangement is the most common. Some of the most common configurations are shown below. There are a number of common empennage arrangements that most aircraft adhere to. To assist in the pitch and yaw control of the aircraft by the movement of control surfaces affixed to the stabilizing surfaces.To provide stability in the longitudinal (pitch) and directional (yaw) axes during flight.Similar to how the feathers on an arrow stabilize the arrow in flight, the tail ensures that the aircraft remains stable through all phases of operation.Īn aircraft tail has two primary objectives: The tail assembly (horizontal and vertical stabilizer) is also known as the empennage which originates from the French term empenner which means to “feather an arrow”. The two tail surfaces are shown below in a conventional layout pictured on a Cessna 172.Ī Cessna 172 with the Horizontal and Vertical Stabilizer Labelled While there are a number of possible tail configurations, the majority are comprised of a horizontal surface and a vertical surface which stabilize the aircraft in the longitudinal and directional axis respectively. We'll then introduce an empirical method to size both surfaces on a new aircraft design.Īlmost all aircraft flying today have a tail located towards the rear of the fuselage. Now we move onto the aircraft tail section and examine the function of both the horizontal and vertical tail. In the previous posts we’ve looked at both the wing and fuselage in some detail. This is part 8 in the Fundamentals of Aircraft Design series. |
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